Binary is a numbering system that uses only two digits, 0 and 1, fundamental to all digital technology. In digital imaging, a binary value of 0 typically represents white or an "off" pixel, while 1 represents black or an "on" pixel. This system is the foundation for computer image processing, file storage, and digital photography, allowing cameras, scanners, and software to encode, manipulate, and display images efficiently. Binary is also commonly referred to as a bit, the smallest unit of digital information.