Aberration is an optical issue in camera lenses that causes distortions or errors in how a subject appears, often affecting sharpness, edges, or fine details. Common types include chromatic aberration, where colors fray at high-contrast edges, and spherical aberration, where focus softens towards the edges of an image. Aberrations can impact image quality in photography, particularly in landscapes, portraits, and macro shots. Modern lenses use advanced optical designs and low-dispersion glass to minimize aberrations, helping photographers achieve sharper, more accurate images.