Absorption is the process by which light striking a surface is partially absorbed, with some of its energy converted into heat or transmitted into the material. In photography, absorption affects how colors, tones, and reflections are captured by camera sensors or film. Darker surfaces tend to absorb more light, while lighter or reflective surfaces absorb less, influencing exposure, contrast, and color rendering. Understanding absorption helps photographers control lighting, select appropriate materials for sets or backgrounds, and achieve accurate color reproduction in both studio and natural light conditions.