In photography, contrast refers to the perceived difference between densities or luminosities in a subject, negative, or positive print. It describes the degree of tonal separation, from the darkest shadows to the brightest highlights, and plays a crucial role in defining texture, depth, and visual impact. High-contrast images feature stark differences between light and dark areas, creating dramatic effects, while low-contrast images have more subtle tonal transitions, conveying a softer, muted appearance. Understanding and controlling contrast is essential for photographers to achieve the desired mood, clarity, and detail in both film and digital photography.