Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour, properties, and interactions of light. It covers how light travels, reflects, refracts, and disperses through different media, and forms the foundation for lenses, cameras, microscopes, and other imaging systems.
In photography, understanding optics is essential for designing lenses, controlling focus, and achieving desired effects such as sharpness, depth of field, and minimal distortion. Mastery of optical principles allows photographers and engineers to create precise, high-quality images and innovate in imaging technology.